Thiết kế bài dạy môn Tiếng Anh 11 - Articles (a, an, the)

ARTICLES (A, AN, THE)
I. Indefinite Articles: A/ AN
 1. A/An được dùng trước:
-danh từ đếm được, số ít.
*An: đứng trước nguyên âm hoặc “h” câm.
Ex: a doctor, a bag, an animal, an hour
Ex: an aminal, an hour
-trong các cấu trúc:
so + adj + a/an + noun
such + a/an + noun
as + adj + a/an + noun + as
How + adj + a/an + noun + verb!
Ex: She is so pretty a girl.
- It’s such a beautiful picture.
- She is as pretty a girl as her sister.
- How beautiful a girl you are!
-chỉ một người được đề cập qua tên.
Ex: A Mrs. Blue sent you this letter.
-trước các danh từ trong ngữ đồng vị.
Ex: Nguyen Du, a great poet, wrote that novel.
-trong các cụm từ chỉ số lượng.
Ex: a pair, a couple, a lot of, a little, a few, a large/great number of..
 2. A/An không được dùng:
-ONE được sử dụng thay A/An để nhấn mạnh.
Ex: There is a book on the table, but one is not enough.
-trước các danh từ không đếm được.
Ex: Coffee is also a kind of drink.
-trước các danh từ đếm được số nhiều
Ex: Dogs are faithful amimals.
II. Definite Article: THE
 1. THE được dùng trước:
-những vật duy nhất.
Ex: the sun, the moon, the world.
-các danh từ được xác định bởi cụm tính từ hoặc mệnh đề tính từ.
-The house with green fence is hers.
-The man that we met has just come.
-các danh từ được xác định qua ngữ cảnh hoặc được đề cập trước đó. 
Ex: Finally, the writer killed himself.
- I have a book and an eraser. The book is now on the table.
-các danh từ chỉ sự giải trí.
Ex:the theater,the concert,the church
-trước tên các tàu thuyền, máy bay.
Ex: The Titanic was a great ship.
-các sông, biển, đại dương, dãy núi
Ex: the Mekong River, the China Sea,the Pacific Ocean,the Himalayas
-một nhóm các đảo hoặc quốc gia.
Ex: the Philippines, the united States.
-tính từ dùng như danh từ tập hợp.
Ex: You should help the poor.
-trong so sánh nhất.
Ex: Nam is the cleverest in his class.
-tên người ở số nhiều (chỉ gia đình).
Ex:The Blacks, The Blues, the Nams 
-các danh từ đại diện cho một loài.
Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet.
-các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn.
Ex: in the morning, in the street, in the water..
-số thứ tự.
Ex: the first, the second, the third.
-chuỗi thời gian hoặc không gian.
Ex: the next, the following, the last...
 2. THE không được dùng:
-trước các danh từ số nhiều nói chung
Ex: They build houses near the hall.
-danh từ trừu tượng, không đếm được.
Ex: Independence is a happy thing.
-các danh từ chỉ màu sắc.
Ex: Red and white make pink.
-các môn học.
Ex: Math is her worst subject.
-các vật liệu, kim loại.
Ex: Steel is made from iron.
-các tên nước, châu lục, thành phố.
Ex:Ha Noi is the capital of VietNam.
-các chức danh, tên người.
Ex: President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga
-các bữa ăn, món ăn, thức ăn.
Ex: We have rice and fish for dinner
-các trò chơi, thể thao.
Ex: Football is a popular sport in VN.
-các loại bệnh tật.
Ex: Cold is a common disease.
-ngôn ngữ, tiếng nói.
Ex:English is being used everywhere
-các kì nghỉ, lễ hội.
Ex: Tet, Christmas, Valentine
-các mũi đất (nhô ra biển), hồ, núi.
Ex: Cape Horn, Lake Than Tho, Mount Cấm, Mount Rushmore..
*But: the Cape of Good Hope, the Great Lake, the Mount of Olive
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EXERCISES (ARTICLES)
I/ Choose the correct word or phrase for each blank.
1. My sister often goes to_______________ by bus.
 A. city	 	B. a city 	C. the city 	D. cities
2. Have you visited______________ ?
 A. London University 	C. University of London
 B. the London University 	D. the University London
3. The view along_______________ is breathtaking.
 A. Pacific Coast	C. Coast of pacific 	
 B. the Pacific coast 	D. the Coast Pacific
4. They went skiing in________________ last winter.
 A. Alps	C. Mountain of Alps	
 B. Alps Mountains 	D. the Alps
5. Those tourists took a boat trip on______________.
 A. Mekong River	C. River Mekong 	
 B. the Mekong River 	D. River of Mekong
6. Many of people are interested in climbing______________.
 A. Mount Everest 	C. the Everest mountain
 B. the Mount Everest 	D. the mountain Everest
7. Four of them rowed a boat around______________.
 A. Great Lakes 	C. the Great Lakes	
 B. the Lakes Great	D. Lakes of Great
8. ______________ natural resources may be used up someday.
 A. World	B. World’s 	C. The world	D. The world’s
II/ Fill in the blanks with a, an, the or ø (zero article)
1. Jason’s father bought him____________bike that he wanted for his birthday
2. ____________ Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from___________ France to______________ United states.
3. Rita is studying___________ English and___________ Math this semester.
4. __________ judge asked___________ witness to tell____________ truth.
5. Please give me__________ cup of___________ coffee with ___________ cream and___________ sugar.
6. __________ big books on___________ table are for my history class.
7. My____________ car is four years old, and it still runs well.
8. There are only___________ few seats for_____________ tonight’s musical.
9. ______________ chair that you are sitting in is broken.
10. _____________ Civil War was fought in ____________ United States between 1861 and 1865.
III/ Put in a, the, some, or any where necessary.
(1)_______ Wayle is (2)_________ small river that cuts across (3)_________ park near my house. I like sitting by (4)_________ Wayle on fine afternoon. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on (5)________ river bank as usual. (6)_________ children were playing games on the (7)_________ bank and there were (8)_________ people rowing on (9)__________ river. Suddenly, one of (10)__________ children kicked (11)__________ ball very hard and it went towards (12)_________ passing the boat. (13)_________ people on (14)_________ bank called out to (15)__________ man in (16)___________ boat, but he did not hear them. (17)___________ ball struck him so hard that he nearly felt into (18)___________ water. I returned to look at (19)__________ children. But they weren’t (20)___________ in sight; they had all run away! The man laughed when he realized what happened. He called out to (21)___________ children and threw (22)___________ ball back to the bank.
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence
1. John and Marcy went to _______________ school yesterday.
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø 
2. ____________Lake Erie is one of the five great Lakes in North America.
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø 
3. On our trip to Spain, we crossed_______________ Atlantic Ocean.
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø 
4. What did you eat for_____________ breakfast this morning?
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø 
5. Louie played________basketball and_________baseball at the boys’ Club 
 A. a, a 	B. an, an 	C. the, the 	 	D. ø, ø
6. While we were in______________ Alaska, we saw an Eskimo village.
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø 
7. Phil can’t go to the movies because he has to write_____________ essay.
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø 
8. David attend______________ Princeton University.
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø 
9. Mel’s mother is in___________ hospital, so we went to visit her last night.
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø 
10. Last night there was _____________ bird singing outside my house.
 A. a	 	B. an 	C. the	 	D. ø