Giáo án định hướng năm học 2010 – 2011

Preparing date: 03/02/2011
Ca 25: RELATIVE CLAUSE
A. THEORY
1. Restrictive clauses/ defining clauses (mệnh đề xác định ) : Đây là loại mệnh đề mà chủ ngữ chưa được xác định rõ nên cần phảI có mệnh đề này để làm rõ chủ ngữ hơn.
	Ex: The man who is my brother stands overthere.
	 That is the book that I like best
2. Non- Restrictive clauses/ non - defining clauses (mệnh đề không xác định ) : Đây là loại mệnh đề mà chủ ngữ đã được xác định rõ nên không cần phải có mệnh đề này để làm rõ chủ ngữ hơn mà mệnh đề này chỉ làm một nhiệm vụ là bổ sung thông tin cho chủ ngữ .
	Ex: That man, whom you saw yesterday, is Mr. Pike
3. Differences between defining and non - defining adjectives clauses.
a. Form: non - defining clauses được ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bởi dấu phẩy, trái lại mệnh đề xác định thì không.
b. Structure: 
* Tiền ngữ của mệnh đề không xác dịnh là từ xác định :
- Danh từ riêng
	Eg: Mr John, who is a world population expert, is teaching at this school.
- Danh từ được bổ nghĩa bởi:
+ Đại từ phiếm chỉ : this/ that/ these/ those, sở hữu của tính từ.
	Eg: that man, who gave you my address, is my uncle.
	Eg: her son, who is the best student in school, has just won the scholarship to study in Australia.
- Danh từ được bổ nghĩa bởi cụm tính từ.
	Eg: the man in light blue, who stands next to the door, is a famous artist
4. Notes:
* That ủửụùc duứng trong nhửừng trửụứng hụùp sau:
Thay Who/ Whom/ Which trong meọnh ủeà quan heọ giụựi haùn.
Sau so saựnh nhaỏt.
Ex: She is the most warm-heated woman. I have met her. 
à She is the most warm-heated woman that I have met.
Sau nhửừng tửứ sau: all, few, any, only, anything, last, first, It + be + 
Ex: Do all the test. I gave you them
à Do all the test that I gave you.
It is the girl. She does this exercises.
à It is the girl that does this exercises.
Sau nhieàu danh tửứ vửứa chổ ngửụứi vửứa chổ vaọt.
Ex: I see people and cattle. They go down town. à I see people and cattle that go down town.
* That khoõng ủửụùc duứng trong nhửừng trửụứng hụùp sau
Trong meọnh ủeà quan heọ khoõng giụựi haùn.
Ex: This is Nam. He is my best friend.
à This is Nam that is my best friends. (wrong)
- Theo sau giụựi tửứ.
Ex: Here is the car. I told you about it.
à Here is the car which I told you about.
Here is the car about which I told you.
Here is the car that I told you about.
Here is the car about that I told you. (wrong)
- Ta coự theồ lửụùc boỷ ủaùi tửứ quan heọ trong meọnh ủeà quan heọ xaực ủũnh khi noự coự chửực naờng laứ taõn ngửừ trong caõu.
Ex: Here is the car ( which) I told you about.	
- Đại từ quan hệ làm túc từ ở mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định không được lược bỏ, trái lại, ở mệnh đề
quan hệ xác định đại từ quan hệ có thể lược bỏ.
* Khi giới từ đứng cuối Relative clauses là thành phần của động từ kép thì ta không đem ra trước WHOM,WHICH.
	Ex:	This is the book which I'm looking for.
	That is the child whom you have to look after 
B. EXERCISES
a. Choose the best answer
1. The man............hat blew off in the wind chased it across the park
A. his	B. who	C. whose	D. that
2. The building whose walls are made of glass is the place..........I work
A. which	B. where	C. that	D. what
3. The movie..........we are talking about is fantastic
A. which	B. that	C. o	D. A, B, or C
4. The little girl..............I borrowed this pen has gone
A. whose	B. from who	C. from that	D. from whom
5. The boy.............the piano is my son
A. who is playing	B. that is playing	C. playing	D. A, b, or C
6. She gives her children everything.............they want
A. that	B. who	C. whom	D. what
7. Why do you always disagree with everything...........I say?
A. who	B. which	C. when	D. what
8. This is an awful film. It is the worst............I have never seen
A. who	B. that	C. what	D. whom
9. The hotel...........we stayed was not clean
A. who	B. that	C. where	D. when
11. What was the name of the people........car had broken down
A. which	B. who	C. whom	D. whose
12. I recently went back to the town...........I was born
A. what	B. where	C. who	D. which
13. She told me her address...........I wrote on a piece of paper
A. what	B. which	C. when	D. where
14. The dress didn’t fit her, so she took it back to the shop............she had bought it
A. where	B. which	C. what	D. when
15. The painting sun Flower, painted by Van Gogh, was stolen many times
A. which is 	B. which was C. that is 	D. /
16. .was a French Emperor, fought his final battle in Waterloo
A. Napoleon Bonaparte who 	C. Napoleon Bonaparte, that
B. Napoleon Bonaparte, who 	D. Napoleon Bonaparte, whose 
17. A person .makes bread and cakes and sells them is a baker
A. it is who 	 B. whom C. whose D. who
18. .Hai Phong is the place.. I grew up between the age of two and ten
A. which 	B. where .C. that 	D. who
19. .She is the most intelligent woman............I’ve ever met
A. who	B. which	C. that	D. whom
20. .The police want to know the hotel in ..............Mr Foster stayed two weeks ago
A. which	B. where	C. that	D. when
21. .I have not decided the day.......I’ll go to London
A. when	B. which	C. where	D. that
22. .He doesn’t want to sell the house.........He was born
A. which	B. where	C. when	D. that
23. .We enjoyed the city........we spent our vacation
A. which	B. that	C. where	D. when
24. Mary and Margaret .........you meet them yesterday are twins
A. whom	B. who	C. that	D. whose
25. The man........opinions I respect most is my father
A. whose	B. who	C. that	D. whom
26. Tell me..........you want and i will try to help you
A. that	B. what	C. who	D. which
b. Combine each pair of sentences
1. The woman is my mother. She understands me best.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
2. What was the name of the boy? You borrowed these books from him.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
3. I’ll introduce you to the man. His support for the project is essential.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
4. The dam is nearly empty. We receive our water supply from it.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
5. The clerk doesn’t work here any more. You asked about him.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
6. I don’t like people. People lose their tempers easily.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
7. He’s the man. People like him at first sight.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
8. It is the important matter. We are interested in it.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
9. The child enjoyed the chocolates. Her mother bought them from France.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
10. This is the story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
11. Mr Phong hasn’t come yet. He is supposed to be at the meeting.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
12. Lan went back home. She forgot to turn off the faucet.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
13. Disney World is a famous amusement park. It is located in Orlando, Florida, USA, and covers a large area of land.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
14. Dr Oley is our family’s dentist. He is a popular dentist in the city.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
15. The Great Fire of London broke out in 1666. It destroyed a large part of the city.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
16. Van Gogh cut off his ear. He was a well known writer.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
17. David is going to talk about careers. I’m sure you all know him.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
18. Romeo and Juliet were lovers. Their parents hated each other.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
19. This is Mrs. Jones. Her son won the championship last year.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
20. Charlie Chaplin died in 1977. His films amused millions of people in the world.
đ .....................................................................................................................................
Preparing date: 09/02/2011
Ca 26: SOME COMMON ENGLISH STRUCTURES
A. THEORY
1. Adverb clause of reason
 a. BECAUSE + Clause 	 
Eg:
- I couldn’t come to class yesterday because I was ill.
- Because the weather was bad, the flight was put off.
 b. BECAUSE OF + Phrase 	 
Eg:
- I couldn’t come to class yesterday because of his illness.
- Because of the bad weather, the flight was put off.
2. adverb clause of concession
a. ALTHOUGH + Clause 
Eg:
- They came to the concert though it was raining heavily.
- Although it is a very hot day, I shall go for a walk.
b. IN SPITE OF + Phrase 
Eg:
- They came to the concert in spite of the heavy rain.
- In spite of a hot day, I shall go for a walk.
3. Adverb clause of result
a. SO + Adj / Adv + THAT + Clause 	
Eg:
- He is so famous that everyone knows his name.
- They discussed so hotly that they forgot to come to the conclusion. 
b. SUCH + (A / An + Adj + Noun) THAT + Clause 	 
Eg:
- He is such a famous man that everyone knows his name.
- It was such a hot discussion that they forgot to come to the conclusion.
C. TOO + Adj / Adv + (For someone) + TO + Infinitive 	 
Eg:
- It is too late to go to the movies.
- The lecture was too boring for us t ...  a plural verb.
Both Tam and Dan work for an instruction company.
When two subjects are connected by not only  but also, either  or, neither nor, the second subject determines the form of the verb.
Not only my parents but also my brother is on a trip to Ha Long.
Either the teacher or the students have to make a plan for the class newspaper.
Neither salt nor sugar is necessary for this dish.
4 Notes
Not only but also  can be replaced by not only  but  as well.
It is not only rainy but also windy in this season.
It is not only rainy but windy in this season as well.
B. EXERCISE
Exercise 1: Using conjunctions to connect each pair of the following sentences :
	1/ She is in London. She is in Berlin , too.( eitheror)
	2/ He wasn’t an idol.He wasn’t a fan.( neithernor)
	.
	3/ He isn’t likely to be present at the meeting. I’m not either.(neither nor )
	4/ The computer can gather facts. It can store them. ( not only but also)
	5/ This prize will mean an honour for him. It will mean an honour for us. (not only but also)
 Exercise 2: Supply is or are in the following:
1. Both the teacher and the student ..here.
2. Neither the teacher nor the student here.
3. Not only the teacher or the student .here.
4. Not only the teacher but also the student here.
5. Either the students or the teacher planning to come.
6. Either the teacher or the students planning to come.
 Exercise 3: Combine The Following Into Sentences That Contain Parallel Structure. Use Appropriate Paired Conjunctions: Both And, Not OnlyBut Also, Either Or, Neither Nor:
Ron enjoys horseback riding. Bob enjoys horseback riding.
à ..
Arthur is not in class today. Ricardo is not in class today.
à ..
Arhtur is absent. Ricardo is absent.
à ..
We can fix dinner for them here, or we can take them to a restaurant.
à ..
She wants to buy a Ford, or she wants to buy a Toyota.
à ..
We could fly or we could take the train.
à ..
The library does not have the book I need. The bookstore does not have the book I need.
à ..
Coal is an irreplaceable natural resource. Oil is an irreplaceable natural resource.
à ..
Her roommates do not know where she she is. Her brother does not know where she she is.
 à ..
10. He does not have a pen. He does not have paper.
à ..
Exercise 3: Combine The Sentences, Using Both..And, EitherOr, Nether..No
1. I like tennis. My husband likes tennis, too. ( both. and)
2. You can choose the red shirt or the blue one. (eitheror)
3. My sister can’t help you. I can’t help you either. (neither nor)	
4. Mary will go to the party. Sam will go to the party too. (both and)
5. The winter is long. It is depressing too. (bothand)
6. You can have dinner indoor or outdoor.(eitheror)
7. They don’t like Paris. They don’t like London either.(neithernor)
8. If you don’t go, your brother has to go. (eitheror)
9. I can take roses or daisies. ( eitheror)
10. My father doesn’t drink coca-cola. He doesn’t drink beer either. (neithernor)
Exercise 4:Using Both.And /Neither Nor/ Either Or /Not Only But Also:
1. Tom was late. So was Ann	
2. He didn’t write. He didn’t phone
3. The hotel wasn’t clean. And it wasn’t comfortable
4. Hung is handsome. Hung is smart.
5. We can leave today or we can leave tomorrow
6. Jane owns a shop. She owns a hotel.
7. Helen likes cats. Tom likes cats.
8. She’s at the office or she’s at home.
9. David doesn’t play tennis. David doesn’t play volleyball.
10. Paul’s at home or he’s at school.
11. Mary is not lazy. She is not disobedient. (neither . . . nor)
12. The show is enjoyable. It is also educational. (both . . . and)
13. This store sells hand-crafted ornaments. It also sells jewels. (not only . . . but also)
14. You can have some iced tea. If you don’t want to, you can have some milk. (either . . . or)
15. A good map tells you where things are. It shows how to get from one place to another. (not only . . . but also)
16. If you want to lose weight, you should eat less. If not, you should exercise more. (either . . . or)
17. Keeping an aquarium develops a child’s curiosity. It creates a sense of responsibility. (not only . . . but also)
18. In this course students learn how to save time when drafting papers. They also learn how to edit their work. (both . . . and).
19. Mary was asked to do the gardening. Peter was asked to do the gardening.
20. Her new boyfriend wasn’t polite. He wasn’t friendly.
Exercise 5Combine the following sentences into one, doing as the instructions tell. In some sentences, more than one answer is acceptable.
Mary is not lazy. She is not disobedient. (neither . . . nor)
đ
The show is enjoyable. It is also educational. (both . . . and)
đ
This store sells hand-crafted ornaments. It also sells jewels. (not only . . . but also)
đ
You can have some iced tea. If you don’t want to, you can have some milk. (either . . . or)
đ
A good map tells you where things are. It shows how to get from one place to another. (not only . . . but also)
đ
If you want to lose weight, you should eat less. If not, you should exercise more. (either . . . or)
đ
Keeping an aquarium develops a child’s curiosity. It creates a sense of responsibility. (not only . . . but also
In this course students learn how to save time when drafting papers. They also leran how to edit their work. (both . . . and)
đ
Preparing date: 26/03/2011
Ca 32: THE AGREEMENT OF A VERB WITH ITS SUBJECT
I. Aim: By the end of the lesson Ss will be able to understand about this topic and do the given tasks.
II. Content
- Theo quy luật chung 1 động từ bao giờ cũng hũa hợp với chủ từ cuả nú. điều đú cú nghĩa là khi chủ từ từ số ớt thỡ động từ theo sau cũng ở số ớt và ngược lại.
- Tuy nhiờn, ta hóy chỳ ý tới 1 số quy tắc đặc biệt sau:
[1] : Hai hay nhiều chủ từ số ớt được nối bởi liờn từ AND thỡ đũi hỏi 1 động từ số nhiều.
Eg: The boy and the girl love their parents dearly.
Eg: Tom and Mary were late yesterday.
- Tuy nhien, nếu hai chủ từ diễn tả 1 người 1vật hay 1 ý tưởng chung thỡ động từ vẫn ở số ớt.
Eg: Bread and butter is my daily breakfast.
Eg: To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in life.
[2] : Hai chủ từ được nối với nhau bằng AND mà trước chủ từ đú cú EACH, EVERY, MANY A, NO thỡ động từ phải ở số ớt.
Eg: Each boy and girl has a textbook.
Eg: No teacher and student is present.
[3] : Khi hai chu tư đượcc noii bơii OR, EITHER OR, NEITHERNOR thỡ dộng từ hoià hợp với chủ ngữ thứ 2.
Eg: He or you are the best student in this class.
Eg: Neither Jack nor I am willing to do that.
[4] : Khi hai chu tư đượ nố bởi AS WELL AS, NO LESS THAN, WITH thỡ động từ hoà hợp với chủ ngữ thứ 2.
Eg: John, as well as you, is responsible for this act.
Eg: Tom, with his friends, is in the car.
[5] : Một danh từ tập hợp cần 1 động từ số nhiều khi ta ngụ ý núi tới từng cỏ nhõn tạo nờn tập hợp này nhưng động từ vẫn ở số ớt nếu nếu ta coi cả tập hợp như 1 đơn vị.
Eg: The family of this dead soldier is noble.
Eg: The family go to the movies every Sunday morning.
[6] : Khi chủ từ là danh từ cú hỡnh thức số nhiều nhưng nghĩa số ớt thỡ động từ chia ở số ớt.
Eg: No news is good news.
Eg: Physics is more difficult than chemistry.
Cỏc danh từ thường gặp như : news, physics, mathematics, politics, gymnastics, phonetics, measles,
mumps, rickets, the United States, the Philippines
[7] : Khi chủ từ là danh từ chỉ lượng, đo lường giỏ cả hay giỏ tiền được coi như là chủ ngữ số ớt.
Eg: Ten thousand dollars is a big sum of money.
Eg: Five hundred miles is a long distance.
[8] : Khi chủ từ là đại từ bất định như: everyone, something, nobodythỡ động theo sau phải ở số ớt.
Eg: Nobody has opened the door.
Eg: Is everyone present ?
[9] : Trong cõu bắt đầu bằng THERE thỡ động từ hũa hợp theo chủ ngữ đứng sau nú.
Eg: There stands a pagoda facing the little lake.
Eg: There were a lot of people at the meeting.
[10] : Động từ cú chủ từ là đại tờ quan hệ thỡ phải hũa hợp cựng ngụi và so với tiền vị ngữ của đại từ ấy.
Eg: He works for the factory which makes cars.
Eg: The man who is living near my house teaches us English.
EXERCISE I : Choose the correct form of the verbs in parentheses in the following sentences.
1. John along with twenty friends, (is / are) 	planning a party.
2. The picture of the soldiers (bring / brings) 	back many memories.
3. The quality of these recordings (is / are) 	not very good.
4. If the duties of these officers (isn’t / aren’t) 	reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project.
5. Neither Bill nor Mary (is / are) 	going to the play tonight.
6. Anything (is / are) 	better than going to another movie tonight.
7. A number of reporters (was / were) 	at the conference yesterday.
8. There (was / were) 	some people at the meeting last night.
9. Each student (has / have) 	answered the first three questions.
10. Either John or his wife (make / makes) 	breakfast each morning.
11. The army (has / have) 	eliminated this section of the training test.
12. The number of students who have withdrawn from class this quarter (is / are) appalling.
13. Every elementary school teacher (has / have) 	to take this examination.
14. The police (come / comes) 	to the site of the accident.
15. These pictures, as well as photograph (brighten / brightens) 	the room.
16. What he told you (seem / seems) 	to be of on importance.
17. Tow years (is / are) 	a long time to wait.
18. Bread and butter (is / are) 	what she asks for.
19. Measles (is / are) 	cured without much difficulty nowadays.
20. After a long day’s work (is / are) 	not the right time to dancing.
EXERCISE II : Either .... or .... Neither ... nor ...Insert “is, am, are, was, were, has, have, do or does”
1. That clown shows that either snow or rain 	about to fall.
2. Neither the cock nor the hens 	in the ward.
3. By what time 	either you or your father decided to go ?
4. Either one or tow apples 	been picked up ripe.
5. Neither the moon nor stars 	visible in this dark night.
6. To what place 	either the man or his son wish to go ?
7. Neither the master nor his pupils 	idle.
8. Neither he nor you 	heard of this before.
9. No girl or boy 	allowed to play in the school.
10. Neither the man nor his wife 	much work.
EXERCISE III: As well as. Insert “is, am, are, was, were, has, have, do or does”.
1. This house as well as that 	for sale, which will you have ?
2. The horse as well as the rider 	hurt by the fall.
3. James as well as Mary 	won a prize this term.
4. Beauty as well as health 	fallen to her lot in life.
5. I myself as well as James 	gone to the party.
6. The cock as well as the hens 	calling for food.
7. A garden as well as stables 	attached to the house.
8. A garden as well as a stable 	attached to the house.
9. The hens as well as the cock 	calling for food.
10. Stables as well as a garden 	attached to the house.
1. Ngày kiểm tra: 
2. Nhận xột:......................................
.........................................................
3. Người kiểm tra: