Bìa tập Tiếng Anh học kì I năm 2016 - 2017

CHUYEN ĐỀ :	 Relative clauses
- Còn đượcgọi là Adj clause (MĐ tínhngữ) vì nó là MĐ phụ đượcdùng để bổnghĩachodanhtừ đứngtrướcnó.
- MĐQH đượcnốivới MĐ chínhbởicác đại từquanhệ Who, Whom, Which, Whose, That hoặc các trạng từquanhệ When, Where, Why.
- Vị trí : MĐQH đứngngaysaudanhtừ mà nóbổnghĩa.
** The uses:
1.Who: - là một ĐTQH chỉngười, đứngsaudanhtừchỉngườilàmchủngữ cho độngtừ đứngsaunó.
eg. This is the man. He is my teacher. – This is the man who is my teacher
The man is my brother. He is standing overthere.- The man who is standing overthere is...
2. Whom: - là một ĐTQH chỉngười, đứngsaudanhtừchỉngườilàmtânngữ cho độngtừ đứngsaunó.
eg. The woman is my aunt. You saw her yesterday.
 - The woman whom you saw yesterday is my aunt.
- Whom :cóthể đượcbỏ. - The woman you saw yesterday is my aunt.
3. Which: là một ĐTQH chỉvật, đứngsaudanhtừchỉvậtlàmchủngữ hoặctânngữ cho độngtừ đứngsaunó. 
eg. The hat is mine. It’s on the table.
 - The hat which is on the table is mine.
eg. This is the book. You gave it to me yesterday.
 - This is the book which you gave me yesterday.
- Which :cóthể đượcbỏkhinólàmtânngữ cho độngtừsaunó.
eg. This is the book you gave me yesterday.
4.That: - là ĐTQH chỉ cả người và vật.
 - That cóthểdùngthaycho Who, Whom, Which trong MĐQH xác định.
eg. That is the car that he bought last month.
5.Whose: là một ĐTQH, đứngsaudanhtừchỉngười và thaychotínhtừsởhữutrướcdanhtừ. Whose cũng đượcdùngchovật( =of which). SauWhoseluôn là mộtdanhtừ.
eg. The woman whose wallet was stolen yesterday is my sister.
6.When: là một trạng từquanhệchỉthờigian, đứngsaudanhtừchỉthờigian.
 - When đượcdùngthaycho at / on / in + which ; then.
eg. I’ll never forget the day when I met her.
 = on which
 That was the time when she saw the thief.
 = at which
7.Where: là một trạng từquanhệchỉnơichốn, đứngsaudanhtừchỉnơichốn.
Where đượcdùngthaycho at / on / in + which; there.
eg. That is the house where we are living now.
 Your home town is a place where you were you born.
8. Why: - là một trạng từquanhệchỉlý do, đứngsautiềnngữ ‘ THE REASON’.
 - dùngthaycho ‘ FOR THE REASON’.
eg. Please tell me the reason why you are so sad.
 = for which 
III. Phânloại :có 2 loại relative clauses.
1.Definite clause: (MĐ xác định)
- Là mđ giúp ta nhậnra đặc điểm, tínhchất đặcbiệtcủangười hay vật đượcnói đến.Nếu ta bỏchúng đi thì câukhông đủ nghĩahoặckhônggiữ đượcnghĩagốc ban đầu.
- Liềnngaytrước và sau mđ khôngcódấuphẩy.
- That cóthểthaycho who và which trong mđ loại này.
eg. -The man is my teacher He’s standing overthere.
 The man who(that) is standing overthere is my teacher.
 - The book is very interesting. I bought it yesterday.
 The book which(that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.
2.Non-defining clause: (MĐ khôngxác định)
- MĐ nàychỉgiảithíchthêmdanhtừ đứngtrướcnó và cóthểbỏ đi mà nghĩacủacâukhôngthay đổi.
- Liềnngaytrước và sau mđ códấuphẩy.
- That không đượcsửdụngtrongcâucó mđ loạinày.
eg. This hat, which my sister gave me on my birthday , is expensive.
IV. Trườnghợp độngtừcủa MĐQH cógiớitừ(chỉdùngvới who và which).
- Ta đặtgiớitừtrước MĐQH(trước who, which).
- Ta cũngcóthểbỏ whom hoặc which và đặtgiớitừrasau độngtừcủa MĐQH(chỉ áp dụngvới MĐ xác định).
- Khidùng that, ta không đượcchuyểngiớitừlêntrước mà vẫnphải để sau độngtừ.
eg. The man is Mr. Nam. Hoa is talking to him.
 The man to whom Hoa is talking is Mr. Nam.
 The man Hoa is talking to is Mr. Nam.
 The man that Hoa is talking to is Mr. Nam.
-	Nếugiớitừ là thànhphầncủa độngtừképthì ta khôngchuyểnchúngratrước whom, which. eg. This is the book which I’m looking for.
•	Nếuchủngữ củacâu là các đại từbất địnhthì ta chỉdùng That là đại từquanhệ.
eg. Everything that she said yesterday was not correct.
V. Dạng rútgọncủa MĐQH:
1. MĐQH cóthể đượcrútgọnbằngcáchdùnghiện tại phântừ và quá khứphântừ.
a. Nếu độngtừtrong MĐQH ở thểchủ động, ta dùnghiện tại phântừthaycho mđ đó(bỏ đại từquanhệ và trợ độngtừ, đưa độngtừchínhvềnguyên dạng và thêm -ing.)
eg. The girl sitting next to you is my sister.
 Do you know the man breaking the window last night?
b. Nếu độngtừtrong MĐQH ở thểbị động ta dùngquá khứphântừthaycho mđ đó( bỏ đại từquanhệ và trợ độngtừ, bắt đầucụmtừbằngVpp). 
eg. The books written by To Hoai are interesting.
2. MĐQH cóthể đượcrútgọnbằngcáchdùng‘TO- INF, or INF.PHRASE(for+O+to inf.)
eg.- English is an important language which we have to master.
 English is an important language to master.
 - Here is a form that you must fill in.
 Here is a form for you to fill in.
•	(Khimột MĐ tínhngữ mà trướcnó là một MĐ thì đó là MĐ khôngxác định.)
CÁCH GIẢI BÀI TẬP DÙNG ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ WHO ,WHICH...
DẠNG 1 : NỐI 2 CÂU
Dạng này đề bài người ta cho 2 cõu riờng biệt và yờu cầu mỡnh dựng đại từ quan hệ nối chỳng lại với nhau. Cỏc bước làm dạng này như sau:
Bước 1 :
Chọn 2 từ giống nhau ở 2 cõu :
Cõu đầu phải chọn danh từ, cõu sau thường là đại từ ( he ,she ,it ,they ...)
vớ dụ :
The man is my father. You met him yesterday.
BƯỚC 2 :
Thế who,which... vào chữ đó chọn ở cõu sau, rồi đem  (who ,which ..) ra đầu cõu 
The man is my father. You met him yesterday.
Ta thấy him là người, làm tỳc từ nờn thế whom vào 
-> The man is my father.You met whom yesterday.
Đem whom ra đầu cõu 
-> The man is my father. whom You met yesterday.
Bước 3 :
Đem nguyờn cõu sau đặt ngay phớa sau danh từ đó chọn ở cõu trước 
The man is my father. whom You met yesterday
-> The man whom You met yesterday is my father 
DẠNG 2 : ĐIỀN VÀO CHỔ TRỐNG 
Dạng này đề bài người ta cho sẳn một cõu đó được nối với nhau nhưng chừa chỗ trống để thớ sinh điền đại từ quan hệ vào. Cỏc bước làm dạng này như sau:
+ Nhỡn danh từ phớa trứơc (kế bờn chỗ trống) xem người hay vật ( hoặc cả hai ):
- Nếu vật thỡ ta điền WHICH / THAT 
The dog __________ runs .....( thấy phiỏ trứoc là dog nờn dựng WHICH / THAT)
Nếu là : REASON, CAUSE thỡ dựng WHY
The reason ________ he came ... ( dựng WHY )
-Nếu là thơỡ gian thỡ dựng WHEN
-Nếu là nơi chốn thỡ dựng WHERE 
Lưu ý : 
- WHEN , WHERE , WHY khụng làm chủ từ, do đú nếu ta thấy phớa sau chưa cú chủ từ thỡ ta phải dựng WHICH / THAT chứ khụng được dựng WHEN , WHERE , WHY.
Do you know the city _______ is near here ?
Ta nhận thấy city là nơi chốn, nhưng chớ vội vàng mà điền WHERE vào nhộ ( cỏi này bị dớnh bẩy nhiều lắm đấy ! ). Hóy nhỡn tiếp phớa sau và ta thấy kế bờn nú là IS ( động từ ) tức là chữ IS đú chưa cú chủ từ, và chữ mà ta điền vào sẽ làm chủ từ cho nú -> khụng thể điền WHERE mà phải dựng WHICH /THAT ( nếu khụng bị cấm kỵ )
-> Do you know the city __WHICH / THAT_____ is near here ?
- Nếu ta thấy rừ ràng là thời gian, nơi chốn nhưng xem kỹ phớa sau động từ người ta cú chừa lại giới từ hay khụng, nếu cú thỡ khụng đựoc dựng WHEN , WHERE, WHY mà phải dựng WHICH / THAT
The house ________ I live in is nice .
Ta thấy house là nơi chốn, nhưng chớ vội điền WHERE nhộ, nhỡn sau thấy ngừoi ta cũn chừa lại giới từ IN nờn phải dựng WHICH /THAT
-> The house ___which/that_____ I live in is nice 
Nhưng đụi khi ngưoỡ ta lại đem giới từ lờn để trứoc thỡ cũng khụng đựoc dựng WHERE nữa nhộ :
The house in ___which_____ I live is nice 
- Nếu là NGƯỜI thỡ ta tiếp tục nhỡn phớa sau xem cú chủ từ chưa ? nếu cú chủ từ rồi thỡ ta dựng WHOM / THAT, nếu chưa cú chủ từ thỡ ta điền WHO / THAT.
- Lưu ý : nếu thấy phớa sau kế bờn chổ trống là một danh từ trơ trọi thỡ phải xem xột nghĩa xem cú phải là sở hửu khụng, nếu phải thỡ dựng WHOSE .
The man ________son studies at .....
Ta thấy chữ SON đứng một mỡnh khụNG cú a ,the ,.. gỡ cả nờn nghi là sở hửu, dịch thử thấy đỳng là sở hửu dựng WHOSE (người đàn ụng mà con trai của ụng ta . .. )
=> The man ____( whose )____son studies at .....
- Nếu phớa trứoc vừa cú người + vật thỡ phải dựng THAT 
The man and his dog THAT ....
 cỏch dựng  WHOSE và OF WHICH 
WHOSE : dựng cả cho người và vật 
This is the book .Its cover is nice 
-> This is the book whose cover is nice .
-> This is the book the cover of which is nice 
WHOSE :đứng trứoc danh từ 
OF WHICH : đứng sau danh từ ( danh từ đú phải thờm THE )
OF WHICH : chỉ dựng cho vật ,khụng dựng cho người.
This is the man . His son is my friend.
-> This is the man the son of which is my friend.( sai )
-> This is the man whose son is my friend.( đỳng )
NHỮNG LƯU í KHI DÙNG ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ ( WHO ,WHICH ,WHOM.... )
1.Khi nào dựng dấu phẩy ?
Khi danh từ đứng trước who ,which,whom... là :
+ Danh từ riờng ,tờn 
Ha Noi, which ....
Mary, who is ...
+ Cú this ,that ,these ,those đứng trước danh từ :
This book, which ....
+ Cú sở hửu đứng trước danh từ :
My mother, who is ....
+ Là vật duy nhất ai cũng biết :  Sun ( mặt trời ), moon ( mặt trăng )
The Sun, which ...
2. Đặt dấu phẩy ở đõu ?
- Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ ở giữa thỡ dựng 2 dấu phẩy đặt ở đầu và cuối mệnh đề 
My mother , who is a cook , cooks very well 
- Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ ở cuối thỡ dựng một dấu phẩy đặt ở đầu mệnh đề ,cuối mệnh đề dựng dấu chấm .
This is my mother, who is a cook .
3.Khi nào cú thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ WHO ,WHICH ,WHOM...
- Khi nú làm tỳc từ và phớa trước nú khụng cú dấu phẩy ,khụng cú giới từ ( whose khụng được bỏ ) 
This is the book which I buy.
Ta thấy which là tỳc từ ( chủ từ là I ,động từ là buy ) ,phớa trước khụng cú phẩy hay giới từ gỡ cả nờn cú thể bỏ which đi :
-> This is the book I buy.
This is my book , which I bought 2 years ago.
Trước chữ which cú dấu phẩy nờn khụng thể bỏ được .
This is the house in which I live .
Trước which cú giới từ in nờn cũng khụng bỏ which đựơc .
This is the man who lives near my house.
Who là chủ từ ( của động từ lives ) nờn khụng thể bỏ nú được .
4. Khi nào KHễNG ĐƯỢC dựng THAT :
- Khi phớa trước nú cú dấu phẩy hoặc giới từ : 
This is my book , that I bought 2 years ago. (sai) vỡ phớa trước cú dấu phẩy -.> khụng được dựng THAT mà phải dựng which 
This is the house in that I live .(sai) vỡ phớa trước cú giới từ in -> khụng được dựng THAT mà phải dựng which
5. Khi nào bắt buộc dựng THAT
- Khi danh từ mà nú thay thế gồm 2 danh từ trở lờn trong đú vừa cú ngừơi vừa cú vật 
The men and the horses that ....
That thay thế cho : người và ngựa 
6. Khi nào nờn dựng THAT
- Khi đầu cõu là IT trong dạng nhấn mạnh (Cleft sentences) 
It is My father that made the table.
- Khi đứng trước đú là : all, both, each, many, most, neither, none, part, someone, something, so sỏnh nhất 
There is something that must be done 
This the most beautiful girl that I've ever met.
@Exercise 1: Chọn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành các câu sau:
What’s the name of the man________?
	A. you borrowed his car	B. which car you borrowed
	C. whose car you borrowed 	D. his car you borrowed
Colin told me about his job,_______ very much.
	A. that he’s enjoying	B. which he’s enjoying	C. he’s enjoying	D. he’s enjoying it
Sheila couldn’t come to the party, _______ was a pity.
	A. that	B. it	C. what	D. which
Some of the people ______ to the party can’t come.
	A. inviting	B. invited ... months.
a. give up 	b. stand up to 	c. put up with 	d. look up to
Remember to take all your personal ______ from the overhead locker when you leave the airplane.
a. belongings 	b. treasure 	c. wealth 	d. profits
The structure ______ of approximately 2 million blocks of stone, each weighing about 2.5 tons.
a. included 	b. consisted 	c. contained 	d. combined
The Ponagar Cham Towers are located on Cu Lao Marble Hill, 2 km north of Nha Trang.
a. lain 	b. built 	c. sited 	d. detected
The family chose cremation rather than ______.
a. burial 	b. burning 	c. embalmment 	d. funeral 
One theory involved the construction of a straight or spiral ramp that was raised as the construction proceeded.
a. ground 	b. path 	c. field 	d. slope
When it was built, the Great Pyramid was 147 meters high on a ______ of 230 meters square.
a. basic	b. base 	c. basin 	d. basement
These suggestions are ______ to be accepted by the majority of members.
a. impossible 	b. unlikely 	c. undoubtedly 	d. inconceivable
Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentences.
The Mayan Indians ______ an accurate and sophisticated calendar more than seven centuries ago.
a. were developed 	b. developed 
c. are developed 	d. have been developed
The building ______ the earthquake but then ______ by a fire.
a. was survived - destroyed 	b. survived - was destroyed
c. survived - destroyed 	d. was survived - was destroyed
'Did you like the film?' ' Well, after ______ the book, I was a bit disappointed.'
a. have read 	b. having read 	c. am reading 	d. had read
What are you doing here now? You ______ be here for another three hours.
a. couldn't 	b. had better not 	c. might not 	d. aren't supposed to
You have cut the material in the wrong place. It ought ______ just here but it wasn't.
a to have been cut 	b. be cut 	c. to have cut 	d. to cut
We can't risk ______ in heavy traffic during rush hour.
a. holding up 	b. being held up 	c. having held up 	d. to hold up
Changes to the taxation system are expected ______.
a. to propose 	b. to have proposed c. to be proposed 	d. being proposed
Robert always hated ______ by other children. 
a. teasing 	b. having teased 	c. to be teased 	d. being teased
You and I went there together, ______?
a. didn't you 	b. did you 	c. did we 	d. didn't we
We ______ in such a great mess now if we ______ it before.
a. wouldn't have been - have known 	b. won't be - knew
c. won't have been - have known 	d. wouldn't be - had known
Choose the word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that needs correcting.
One of the most impressive collections of the nineteenth-century
 A 
European paintings in the United States can find in the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
 B C D
Benny Goodman was equally talented as both a jazz performer as well as a classical musician
 A B
Zoos in New Orleans, San Diego, Detroit and the Bronx have become
 A 
biological parks where animals roams free and people watch them
across a moat. B C D
The teacher repeated the assignment again for the students, since
 A B C
they had difficulty understanding what to do after he had explained
it the first time. D 
In 1960 John F. Kennedy became the youngest man ever to elect president. 
 A B C D
The abilities to work hard, follow directions and thinking independently
 A B
are some of the criteria for success in the workplace.
 C D
I would like to congratulate you on how you have taken care of all the
 A B
matters related on the reorganization of your department.
 C D
There were too many books on the shelves that I didn't know which one to choose
 A B C	D
If the message was more detailed, I would have been able to understand it when I read it
 A B C D
Judy decided to wait until after she had taken her exams before having her wisdom teeth pull
 A B C	D
READING
Choose the word or phrase that best fits the blank space.
The building of the pyramid in Ancient Egypt obviously (36) ______ a vast labour force, but the (37) ______ image of gangs of Egyptians being forced to work is probably incorrect. In fact it seems that though prisoners of war did some of the heavy work and the maintenance jobs, most of the (38) ______ labourers were farmers who worked during the flood periods when farming was (39) ______ anyway. The labourers were probably paid (40) _____ food - because money did not yet (41) _____ and organised in groups with (42) _____ names such as 'Hardworking Gang' or 'Strong Gang'. (43) ______ the traditional picture of thousands of slaves being struck with whips is unlikely to be "true, paintings do show supervisors carrying metre-long sticks which were not simply (44) ______ of office. One architect, Nekhebu, (45) ______ that he never hit a workman (46) ______ enough to knock him down. The Greek historian Herodotus gave traditional figures for the work force of one of the pyramids as 100;000 men replaced (47) ______ three months for a period of 20 years. It is impossible to prove or disprove these figures, but they had doubtless been (48) ______ overestimated. Housing that was found in the desert (49) ______ the west of one of the pyramids would have accommodated a (50) ______ work force of no more than 4000.
a. consumed 	b. required 	c. requested 	d. demanded
a. common 	b. normal 	c. popular 	d. usual
a. ordinary	 	b. common 	c. normal 	d. unusual
a. unable 	b. unlikely 	c. improbable 	d. impossible
a. by 	b. in 	c. with 	d. for
a. exist 	b. realise 	c. appear 	d. emerge
a. provoking 	b. stimulating 	c. encouraging 	d. exciting
a. Because 	b. So that 	c. Unless 	d. Although
a. tokens 	b. symbols 	c. signs 	d. indicators
a. spoke 	b. told	 c. boasted 	d. explained
a. hard 	b. strong 	c. violently 	d. vehemently
a. each 	b. by 	c. after 	d. every
a. largely 	b. exceedingly 	c. wildly 	d. excessively
a. towards 	b. to 	c. in 	d. by
a. permanent 	b. constant 	c. lasting 	d. durable
Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer.
Taj Mahal, a mausoleum in Agra, India, regarded as one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The Mughal emperor Shah Jahan had it built in memory of his wife, Arjumand Banu Bagam, known as Mumtaz Mahal (Persian for "Elect of the Palace"), who died in 1631. 
Building commenced about 1632. The mausoleum was complete by about 1643 and the surrounding complex of buildings and gardens was complete by about 1653. Situated on the southern bank of the Yamuna River, the white marble mausoleum is composed of four identical facades, each containing a large central arch 33 m (108 ft) high. A large bulb-shaped dome, over 73 m (240 ft) tall, rises over the center, with four smaller domes surrounding it. The building is raised on a square podium with a minaret at each corner. It is flanked by two red sandstone buildings-a mosque and its replica, the Jawab (Answer), a building of which the main function is visual balance. Visitors approach the Taj Mahal through an imposing red sandstone gate, decorated with inscriptions from the Muslim holy book, the Qur'an (Koran). The gate and accompanying walls also contain a vast, geometrically laid out garden, 305 m (1,002 ft) on each side. The enclosed garden, itself a Muslim symbol of paradise, is centered on a large, raised pool. Canals divide it into four equal parts, each containing flower beds, fountains, and cypress trees (symbols of death).
Inside theTaj Mahal, the tomb of Mumtaz Mahal stands at the center of an octagonal hall, while the slightly larger tomb of Shah Jahan, who died in 1666, is off to one side. Both are elaborately carved and inlaid with semiprecious stones, illuminated by sunlight filtering through an elaborately carved marble screen that is also studded with jewels. 
What is the Taj Mahal?
a. A temple 	b. A monument 	c. A tomb 	d. A shrine
Which of the following is not true?
a. The Taj Mahal was built by the Mughah emperor Shah Jahan.
b. It took approximately 20 years to complete the mausoleum.
c. The front of the building is similar in all sides.
d. The mausoleum has four domes around it.
The word 'minaret' in line 11 is closest in meaning to ______.
a. tower 	b. mosque 	c. altar 	d. statue
The Jawab ______.
a. is a mosque where people worship	b. has a main function of decorating.
c. was decorated with inscriptions from the Koran	d. was built by red stones
According to the passage, which of the following statements is false?
a. The garden of the Taj Mahal is a Muslim symbol of paradise.
b. In beauty of design and rich decorative detail, Taj Mahal is one of the best buildings in the world.
c. The Mughah emperor Shah Jahan died 35 years after his wife.
d. The tombs of Shah Jahan's and his wife are located at the center of the mausoleum.
WRITING
From the four word or phrase - a, b, c or d - choose the one that best completes the sentence.
Of all the monarchs in French history, the infamous. Louis XIV is the one ______.
a. with whom the public is most familiar 	b. whom with the public is most familiar
c. that the public is familiar the most 	d. the public is most familiar with
______ perhaps the most awe inspiring among the great structures of the world.
a. The Great Wall of China 	b. The Great Wall of China is
c. That The Great Wall of China is 	d. The Great Wall of China which is
On an untimed test, to answer accurately is more important than ______.
a. a quick finish 	b. you finish quickly 	c. finishing quickly 	d. to finish quickly
No matter ______, Mozart was an accomplished composer while still a child.
a. how it seems remarkable 	b. how remarkable it seems
c. it seems remarkable how 	d. how seems it remarkable
_____ millions of galaxies exist in the vast space outside the Milky Way.
a. That is estimated . 	b. An estimate that	c. It is estimated that 	d. That the estimated
Choose the sentence - a, b, c or d - which is closest in meaning to the printed one.
He liked London very little and Vienna less.
a. He liked Vienna but not London	b. He thought Vienna was worse than London.
c. He liked Vienna more than London	b. He didn't like Vienna as much as London
She tends to lose her temper for no reason.
a. She has no reason so she loses her temper	b. She has no reason for tending to lose her temper.
c. She easily gets angry when there is a reason.	d. She often gets angry for no reason.
He seemed very reluctant to take my advice.
a. He seemed quite willing to take my advice.	b. It seemed he was not ready to give me advice.
c. It seemed he was not willing to take my advice.	d. He seemed very anxious to take my advice.
Scarcely had the man left when the bomb exploded.
a. The bomb had exploded before the man left.	b. No sooner had the man left than the bomb exploded.
c. The man left and had the bomb exploded.	d. The bomb went off because of the man
Bob outdoes his brother Paul in math.
a. Bob surpasses Paul in math.	b. Paul surpasses Bob in math
c. Bob always does Paul's math for him.	d. Paul and Mark make the same grade in math.