Thiết kế bài dạy môn Tiếng Anh 11 - Unit 4: Volunteer work and literacy programmes (grade 11 - Advanced)

Unit 4: VOLUNTEER WORK AND LITERACY PROGRAMMES ( GRADE 11- ADVANCED)
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
I. STATEMENT: Caâu phaùt bieåu (thuoäc daïng caâu khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh)
S
SAID ( to+O)
TOLD + O
(THAT)
+ V (ñoåi thì)
	Ex: 	- He said, “I like football.” 
 → He said that he liked to play football.
	“Tom will fly to Paris next week,” said Miss Hoa.
 → Miss Hoa said that Tom would fly to Paris the following week.
II. QUESTIONS: (Daïng caâu hoûi)
S +
ASKED + O
WONDERED
WANTED TO KNOW
if / whether
(yes/ no question)
S + V (ñoåi thì)
“Wh” / how
(wh-question)
	Ex: 	She said to me, “Will she come?” → She asked me if she would come.
	“Where do you live?” asked the foreigner. → The foreigner asked me where I lived.
Notes:
 1. Ngoâi: 
 - Ñoåi ngoâi thöù NHAÁT (I, we) phuø hôïp vôùi CHUÛ TÖØ trong meänh ñeà chính
- Ñoåi ngoâi thöù HAI (you) phuø hôïp vôùi TUÙC TÖØ trong meänh ñeà chính
- Ngoâi thöù BA ( she, he, it, they) khoâng ñoåi
 Ex: He said to me “Give your toys to her, please!”
 à He asked me to give my toys to her.
Converting tenses and adverbs of time, place: 
DIRECT
INDIRECT
DIRECT
INDIRECT
- V1 (s/es) → V2 /ed
- V2 → had + V3
- has/ have + V3 → had + V3
- am/ is/ are + Ving → was / were + Ving
- was / were + Ving → had + been +V-ing
- can → could + V0
- will → would + V0
- may → might + V0
- must / have to → had to 
- had + V3 → had + been +V-ing
- yesterday → the previous day
 the day before
- last night → the previous night
 the night before
- two years ago → two years before
- today → that day
- tonight → that night
- tomorrow → the following day
 the day after
 the next day
- next year → the following year
- this → the year after
- these → those
- here → there
- now → then
III. COMMANDS & REQUESTS: Caâu yeâu caàu (thuoäc daïng meänh leänh hoaëc yeâu caàu)
	S + asked (told, advised,..) + O + (not) to V. 
*** Các bước chuyển từ câu mệnh lệnh trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
1. Ñoåi ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu sang : “asked, told, ordered, advised, requested, reminded, begged.”.
2. – Neáu laø caâu ra leänh khaúng ñònh à Theâm to vaøo tröôùc ñoäng töø.
 Ex: He said to me “Give your toys to her, please!”
 à He asked me to give my toys to her.
 – Neáu laø caâu ra leänh phuû ñònh à Theâm not to vaøo tröôùc ñoäng töø.
 Ex: He said to me “Don’t open this book now.”
 à He asked me not to open that book then.
3.Khi ñoåi caâu mệnh leänh (Imperatives) sang giaùn tieáp, ta ñoåi HAI yeáu toá laø ngoâi, vaø traïng töø chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán. (tương tự như đối với statements and questions)
IV. Reported speech with To-infinitive:.
S + V + (O) + (not) + to -infinitive
Những động từ tường thuật của lời dẫn gián tiếp có động từ nguyên mẫu gồm có:
 " tell, ask, advise, warn, remind, encourage, invite, agree, persuade + O + to V
 " want, promise , offer, agree , threaten, hope + to V
* Dạng đặc biệt của câu hỏi trong lời nói gián tiếp:
- Shall/ Would/ Could I/ we..? → S + offered + (not) to + V0
dùng để diễn tả đề nghị 
	Ex: “ Could I take you to the post office?” Johnny said
	→ Johnny offered to take me to the post office
- “Can/ could/ will / would you -.., please?” “would/ do you mind? -S + told/ asked + O + to+ V0
Xem như lời yêu cầu
- “Would you like ?” → S + invited + O + to + V0 xem như lời mời
-“should/ ought to; had better; If I were”“Why don’t you + V1 . ? “→ S + advised + O + to + V0 : Dùng để diễn tả lời khuyên
	Ex: “ You should go to the doctor, Linda” Marie said
	→ Marie advised Linda to go to the doctor
	Ex: She said to him, “ Why don’t you go to the doctor?”
 → She advised him to go to the doctor.
- Yêu cầu đối với các nghi vấn từ: how, where, when,.. (ít gặp)
	Ex: “ How shall I get to Lan’ s house ?” said Nam
	→ Nam wanted to know how to get to Lan’s house
II. Reported speech with Gerunds:
S + V + (O) + preposition + (not) + V-ing
 * Khi ñoåi caâu sang caâu töôøng thuaät vôùi danh ñoäng töø.
 1. Ñoåi ñoäng töø giôùi thieäu sang: “suggested, proposed, requested, denied, admitted, insisted on, apologized for, thanked... for..., congratulated... on... dream (of) , look forward (to), congratulate (on), accuse (of), object to, complain about,
	" suggest, deny, admit, insist on, think of, dream of, look forward to 
 S + V (with gerunds)+ V-ing
Ex: “Let’s spend the day at the beach.” said Mary.
 à Mary suggested spending the day at the beach.
 “I’ll pay for the meal.” said Tom.
 à Tom insisted on paying the meal.
	" thankfor , apologise+ ( to sb)+ for, congratulateon, accuseof, warn.against, preventfrom, stop .from S + V (with gerunds) + O + prepositions + V-ing
	Ex: “It was nice of you to help me.” Minh said to Lan.
 à Minh thanked Lan for helping him.
 2. Theâm V-ing vaøo sau ñoäng töø chính.
 3. Ñoåi ngoâi
 4. Ñoåi traïng töø chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán
** Những dạng đặc biệt của reported speech with gerunds:
- Biểu đạt một mơ ước:
	Ex: “ I always wishes to become a good doctor” said Linda
	→ Linda has always dreamed of becoming a good doctor
- Biểu đạt sự phủ nhận :
	Ex: “ No, of course not. I didn’t damage your computer” siad Peter
	→ Peter denied damaging my computer
- Biểu đạt sự trông ngóng :
	Ex: “ I can’t wait until August to go to Paris for my holiday” said my sister
	→ My sister looked forward to going to Paris for her holiday
- Biểu đạt lời buộc tội:
	Ex: “ You stole the money I put on the table this morning” said my brother
	→ My brother accused me of stealing the money he had put on the table that morning
- Biểu đạt sự khăng khăng đòi làm gì đó:
	Ex: “ No. Let me pay for the meal. Not you” David insisted
	→ David insisted on paying for the meal
- Biểu đạt sự ngăn cấm: 
	Ex: “ No, no. Sit down and don’t go out of the class” said the teacher
	→ The teacher prevented us from going out of the class
- Biểu đạt lời chúc mừng:
	EX: “ You’ve won the gold medal. Congratulation, An!” said the teacher
	→ The teacher congratulated An on winning the gold medal
- Biểu đạt lời xin lỗi:
	Ex: “ I’m terribly sorry. I was so impolite to you yesterday” said my friend
	→ My friend apologized for being impolite to me yesterday
- Biểu đạt lời thú nhận: 
	Ex: “ Yes. You ‘re right. I broke the vase while cleaning the table” said she
	→ She admitting breaking the vase
- Biểu đạt lời đề nghị:
Let’s + V0 . // Why don’t we + V1 .. // What about + Ving .→ S + suggested + Ving 
	Ex: Let’s go to the neach instead” said he
	→ He suggested going to the beach instead
 Timmy said, “ Why don’t we go on a picnic” 
 → Timmy suggested going on a picnic.
** Practice exercise: Change the sentences into indirect speech
1. “ I’m terribly sorry. I have broken a vase,” he said to his mother
→
2. “ Why don’t you sell your old house?” my friend said to me
→
3. “ Would you like to have coffe with me?” John said to me
→
4. “ why don’t you decorate your house?” my friend said to me
→
5. “ Thank for your kindness of letting us stay with you,” said the man
→
6. “ Let’s not mention this problem again,” the old man said
→
7. “ If I were you, I would revise for that exam,” said th tutor
→
8. “ I hear that you have won the game spectacularly. Congratulation.” Anna said
→
9. “ Shall we go to a fashion show this weekend?” said Lisa
→
10. “I’ll help you with this homwork,” my brother said
→