Ôn tập Anh văn 11 - Grammar

VERB + V-ING
These verbs are followed by v-ing (not to):
	stop 	delay	fancy 	consider	admit 	mention
	finish 	postpone	imagine	avoid 	deny 	continue
	miss	involve 	enjoy 	dislike 	love 	mind
	risk 	practise 	like 	hate	suggest 	quit
	I enjoy dancing. (not ‘I enjoy to dance ’) 	Would you mind closing the door.
	Ann suggested going to the cinema. 	Have you ever considered going to live in another country?
	Suddenly everybody stopped talking. 	I’ll do the shopping when I’ve finished cleaning the flat.	He tried to avoid answering my question.	I don’t fancy going out this evening	.
	Note that the negative form: not + v-ing
	When I’m on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early.
The following verbs can have the structure: verb + preposition + v-ing
Thefollowing verbs can have the structure: verb + object + preposition + v-ing
go on (carry on) 
We can’t go
on
living like this.
put off
Everybody put 
off
discussing it till next week.
give up
He has given
up
smoking.
keep (on)
Don’t keep
(on)
interrupting me.
talk about
We talked
about
going to America.
apologise for
She apologised
for
not telling the truth.
succeed in
Have you succeeded
in
fiding a job yet?
insist on
They insisted
on
paying for the meal.
think of
I’m thinking 
of
buying a new house.
dream of
I wouldn’t dream
of
asking them for the money.
approve of
She doesn’t approve
of
gambling.
decide against
We’ve decided
against
moving to London.
feel like
Do you feel 
like
going out tonight?
look forward to
I’m looking forward
to
meeting her again.
object to
Do you object
to
working on Sunday?
verb +
object +
preposition + v-ing
congratulate on
I congratulated
Ann
on
passing the exam.
accuse of
They accused 
me
of
telling lies.
suspect of
Nobody suspected
the man
of
being a spy.
prevent from
What prevented
him
from
coming to see us?
stop from
The police stopped
everyone
from
leaving the building.
thank for
I forgot to thank
them
for
helping me.
forgive for
Please forgive
me
for
not writing to you.
warn against
They warned
us
against
buying the car.
VERB + TO + INFINITIVE
Structure: verb + to + infinitive :
	offer 	decide 	hope 	deserve 	attempt	try 	claim	 
	agree 	plan 	aim 	afford 	wish 	threaten	tend
	refuse 	arrange 	learn 	forget 	fail 	swear 	appear
	ask 	expect 	want 	manage 	pretend 	promise 	seem
It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home.
Tom was in a difficult situation, so I agreed to lend him some money.
He is going to learn to drive next month.
I waved to Mary but failed to attract her attention.
The thief refused to stop at the red light.
John expected to pass the exam.
We offered to leave.
They seem to have plenty of money.	
I like George but I think he tends to talk so much.
Ann pretented not to see me as she passed me in the street.
The robbers threatened to kill all workers in the bank.
I swear not to tell you a lie.	
They deserved to be sent to prison.
After dare / help you can use the infinitive with or without to:
	I wouldn’t dare to tell him. or I wouldn’t dare tell him.
	But after daren’t (or dare not) you must use the infinitive without to:
	I daren’t tell him what happened. (without to)
Can you help me to move this table. or Can you help me move this table.
After the following verbs you can use a question word (what,where,how,whether ) + to
	Ask 	decide 	know 	remember 	forget 	explain	 learn 	understand 	wonder
We asked 	how 	to get to the station.
Have you decided 	where 	to go for your holiday?
I don’t know 	whether 	to apply for the job or not.
Do you understand 	what 	to do?
Also: show / tell / ask/ advise / teach somebody what / how / where to do something:
	Can you show me how to answer this question?
	Ann will tell you what to do.
	He taught us what to know about the country.
After make and let we use : verb + object + infinitive (without to )
	The customs officer made him to open his case.
	My parents didn’t let me go out alone when I was a baby.
	Hot weather makes me feel tired.
	Let me carry your bag for you.
We ‘make somebody do’, but the passive is ‘be made to do’( infinitive with to )
	He was made to open his case.
These verbs have two possible structures. Compare:
	Advise	recommend 	encourage	 allow 	permit 	forbit
Verb + V-ing (without an object)
I wouldn’t recommend staying in that hotel.
She didn’t allow smoking in her house.
Passive:
Smoking isn’t allowed in her house.
Verb + object + to + infinitive
I wouldn’t recommend anybody to stay in that hotel.
	 object
She didn’t allow us to smoke in her house.
Passive:
We aren’t allowed to smoke in her house