Revision for the first term Tên chuyên đề: Reported speech

Revision for the first term
Tên chuyên đề: Reported speech
I/ Grammar:
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech ( Reported)
S + said(that) + S + V
 told(that)
 Eg: He said “I am a teacher of English”
S + said that + S + V- ed (lùi thời)
 He said that he was a teacher of English.
1/ Qui tắc đổi câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.
a/ Động từ ở mệnh đề chính dùng thời “simple present, present perfect, simple future” trong lời nói gián tiếp ta chỉ thay đổi “đại từ chủ ngữ”.
	Eg: He says “I’m tired ” He says he is tired.
 He has said “I’m tired” He has said he is tired.
	 He will say “I’m tired” He will say he is tired.
b/ Động từ ở mệnh đề chính dùng thì “simple past” thì lời nói gián tiếp phải thay đổi: đại từ chủ ngữ, đại từ tân ngữ, tính từ sở hữu, đại từ sở hữu, thời, từ và cụm từ chỉ thời gian, từ và cụm từ chỉ vị trí.
	Eg: He said “I’m tired now”.
	 He said he was tired then.
2/ Qui tắc lùi thời.
 Direct Speech
 Indirect Speech ( Reported)
1/ Simple present 
 He explained “I never eat meat”.
2/ Present continuous
 He said “I’m waiting for Ann”.
3/ Present perfect
 He said “I have found a flat”.
4/ Present perfect continuous.
 He said “I have been drinking milk”.
5/ Simple past.
 She said “I took it home with me”.
6/ Past continuous.
 He said “I was reading a book”.
7/ Simple future.
 He said “I shall be in Paris on Monday”.
8/ Modal verbs.
 Must
 Must not + V
 Can
 Could
 May
1/ Simple past
 He explained he never ate meat.
2/ Past continuous
 He said that he was waiting for Ann.
3/ Past perfect.
 He said he had found a flat.
4/ Past perfect continuous.
 He said he had been drinking milk.
5/ Past perfect.
 She said she had taken it home with her.
6/ Past perfect continuous.
 He said he had been reading a book.
7/ Future in the past.
 He said he would be in Paris on Monday.
8/ 
Had to
Was not to/ were not to + V
Could/ be able to
Would be able to
Might
3/ Qui tắc thay đổi trạng từ.
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech ( Reported)
This
These
Here
Now
Today
Yesterday
The day before yesterday
Tomorrow
The day after tomorrow
Next week
Next year
Last week
Last year
A year ago
That
Those
There
Then
That day
The day before
Two days before
The next day/ the following day
In two days’ time
The following week
The following year
The previous week
The previous year
A year before/ the previous year
4/ Qui tắc thay đổi đại từ, tính từ
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech ( Reported)
I
You
We
Me
Us
My
Our
Your
He/ she
He/ she/ they
They/ you
Him/ her
Them
His/ her/ your
Their
His/ her/ my
5/ Hệ thống các loại câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.
 Loại câu
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech ( Reported)
Statements
S + said(that) + S + V
 told(that)
Eg: He said “I go to school early”
S + said that + S + V- ed (lùi thời)
He said that he went to school early.
Imperatives
 V
Eg 1: The teacher said “Open your 
 books, please”
 Eg 2: “John, please don’t tell anyone my new adress” said Mary 
 asked
 told
S + ordered + O + to/not to + V
 commanded
The teacher asked her students to open 
 their books.
Mary told John not to tell anyone her 
 new dress.
Yes/ No questions
Auxiliary + S + V?
Eg 1: “Are you a student?”.
Eg 2: “Did you see this film?”.
S + asked + O + if/whether + S + V (lùi 
 thời).
He asked me if/whether I was a student.
He asked me if/whether I had seen that 
 film.
WH- 
 questions
WH + auxiliary + S + V?.
Eg: “Where have you gone?”.
S + asked + O + WH + S + V(lùi thời).
He asked me where I had gone.
Infinitive
+ Promise 
+ Agree + to-V/ not to-V 
+ Offer
+ Tell 
+ Advise 
+ Ask 
+ Encourage 
+ Want 
+ Remind sb + to-V/ not to-V
+ Invite 
+ Urge 
+ Order 
+ Beg 
+ Request 
Gerund
+ To apologise for
+ To think of 
+ To insist on
+ To deny
+ To dream of 
+ To admit
+ To suggest
+ To think of + V-ing 
+ To look forward to
+ To thank sb for 
+ To congratulate sb on 
+ To accuse sb of 
+ To warn sb against 
+ To prevent sb from
+ To stop sb (from)
6/ Cách chuyển câu điều kiện sang lời nói gián tiếp.
	a. Conditional type 1: change into conditional type 2.
	b. Conditional type 2: unchange or can change into conditional type 3. 
c. Conditional type 3: unchange
Exercise 1: (Reported speech) Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D by circling
1/ The manager insisted...me a position in the company.
A. for offering B. on offering C. in offer D. on offer
2/ The flight attendant reminded the man that smokingthere.
	A. was not allowed B. is not allowed C. not to allow D. not allow
3/ The little boy begged the lady....some soup.
	A. give B. gives C. giving D. to give
4/ They invited me ........... the weekend with them.
	A. spends B. spend C. to spend D. spending
5/ He reminded me .......... the letter.
	A. post B. to post C. posting D. to posting
6/ I warned Jim .............. playing with the snakes.
	A. for B. in C. of D. against
7/ Mary apologized for ................. him earlier.
	A. not phoning B. not phone C. not to phone D. not to phoning
8/ She advised him..................harder.
	A. to study B. to studying C. study D. studying
9/ My mother asked me ..............the window.
	A. open B. opening C. to opening D. to open
10/ Susan insisted on ............ Mary to the beach.
	A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. to driving
11/ Huong congratulated me on .............. the entrance exam.
	A. to pass B. to passing C. passing D. passed
12/ Mr Smith thanked Linda............. inviting him to the party.
	A. for B. of C. on D. to
13/ Mary refused ........... me any more money.
	A. to lend B. to lending C. lend D. lending
14/ The teacher told his students...all the homework before they...to class.
	A. do/ come B. to do/ come C. to do/ came D. do/ came
15/ The supervisor apologized
	A. for be late B. for being late C. on being late D. on be late. 
16/ The father told his son...his time games all day.
A. not to waste/ play B. not to waste/ playing 
C. not waste/ play D. not waste/ playing
17/ The lecturer told the students not to hesitate to ask if they..a question.
	A. have B. has C. to have D. had
18/ My mother advised me...hope.
	A. not lose B. not to lose C. not losing D. not to losing
19/ She said she would visit me ..
	A. following day B. the next day C. tomorrow D. next day 
20/ He said he.. a busy day.
	A. had had B. have had C. did have D. has had.
Exercise 2: (Reported speech) Change direct speech into indirect speech.
1/ “What is the name of your school?” Lan asked Long.
............................................................................................................................................
2/ “Can you use a computer?” He asked me.
.............................................................................................................................................
3/ “When did your school vacation start?” Peter asked Mary
.............................................................................................................................................
4/ Mai said “I’m having a wonderful time here.”
.............................................................................................................................................
5/ “Can you move the furniture out?” I asked her.
6/ “How far is it from your house to school?” She asked me.
7/ “Don’t come back before one o’clock” My brother advised me.
.............................................................................................................................................
8/ “There’s been an accident and the road is blocked”, said the policeman.
............................................................................................................................................
9/ John said to his mother “I don’t know how to do this exercise”
.............................................................................................................................................
10/ Paul said “I must go home now”
.............................................................................................................................................
11/ The children said “We are waiting for the school bus”
............................................................................................................................................
12/ Mary said “My father died a year ago”.
.............................................................................................................................................
13/ “It isn’t so foggy today as it was yesterday”, said the teacher.
............................................................................................................................................
14/ Tom said “New York is bigger than London”.
.............................................................................................................................................
15/ John said “I have finished studying my lesson”.
.............................................................................................................................................
16/ Mary said “I can not go to the movies with you, John”.
.............................................................................................................................................
17/ “When we’ve finished this game we’ll have supper”. They said to me.
............................................................................................................................................
18/ He said to her “You are my friend”.
...........................................................................................................................................
Exercise 2: (Reported speech)
1/ Lan asked Long what was the name of his school.
2/ He asked me if I could use a computer.
3/ Peter asked Mary when her school vacation had started.
4/ Mai said she was having a wonderful time there.
5/ I asked her if she could move the furniture out.
6/ She asked me how far it was from my house to shool.
7/ My brother advised me not to come back before one o’clock.
8/ The policeman said that there had been an accident and the road was blocked.
9/ John said to his mother he didn’t know how to do that exercise.
10/ Paul said that he had to go home then
11/ The children said that they were waiting for the school bus.
12/ Mary said that her father had died a year before.
13/ The teacher said that it wasn’t so foggy that day as it had been the day before
14/ Tom said that New York was bigger than London
15/ John said that he had finished studying his lesson
16/ Mary said to John she couldn’t go to the movies with him.
17/ They said to me when they had finished that game they would have supper
18/ He said to her she was his friend
Exercise 3: (Reported speech) Complete the following sentences by changing direct speech into indirect speech.
1/ Tom said “Where are you spending your holiday?”
 Tom asked me ......................................................................................................................
2/ Mary said “John, please don’t tell anyone my new address”
 Mary told John......................................................................................................................
3/ “Can I have a new bike?” said Ann to her mother.
 Ann asked her mother..........................................................................................................
4/ “Nancy was one of the best students in my class” said Susan to the reporter
 Susan told the reporter that.................................................................................................
5/ “How many students were there in your class last year?” said the teacher to his students.
 The teacher asked us...........................................................................................................
6/ “Who put salt in my coffee?” he asked
 He asked............................................................................................................................
7/ I asked Bill “What time did you go to bed last night?”
 I asked Bill..........................................................................................................................
8/ “Whose bicycle did you borrow yesterday?” his mother asked him.
 His mother asked him........................................................................................................
9/ He asked me “Why didn’t you come to class yesterday?
 He asked me........................................................................................................................
10/ The teacher asked “Which book are you taking, John?
 The teacher asked John.......................................................................................................
11/ “Would you like to have a cup of tea with me? Mai said.
 Mai invited me ...................................................................................................................
12/ “Cook it in butter” Mrs Brown said to her daughter
 Mrs Brown told her daughter .............................................................................................
13/ My friend said “Are you going to leave tomorrow?”
 My friend asked me ...........................................................................................................
14/ “Have you done your homework?” said my mother
 My mother asked me...........................................................................................................
15/ “Did you phone me yesterday? Tom asked Mary.
 Tom asked Mary.................................................................................................................
16/ “Must you go now?” said Mr Brown.
 Mr Brown asked me............................................................................................................
17/ I asked the policeman “Do you know how far it is to the station?”
 I asked the policeman.........................................................................................................
18/ Mary said to me “I can’t help you because I have too much to do”
 Mary said to me..
19/ Linh said to me “If you had asked me, I would have lent you my dictionary”
 Linh told me 
20/ Susan said to Peter “It was nice of you to visit me. Thank you”
 Susan thanked Peter 
Exercise 3: (Reported speech)
1/ Tom asked me where I was spending my holiday
2/ Mary told John not to tell anyone her new adress.
3/ Ann asked her mother if she could have a new bike
4/ Susan told the reporter that Nancy had been one of the best students in her class
5/ The teacher asked us how many students there had been in our class the previous year
6/ He asked who had put salt in his coffee
7/ I asked Bill what time he had gone to bed the previous night
8/ His mother asked him whose bicycle he had borrowed the day before
9/ He asked me why I hadn’t come to class the day before
10/ The teacher asked John which book he was taking
11/ Mai invited me to have a cup of tea with her.
12/ Mrs Brown told her daughter to cook it in butter.
13/ My friend asked me if I was going to leave the next day 
14/ My mother asked me if I had done my homework
15/ Tom asked Mary if she had phoned him the day before
16/ Mr Brown asked me if I had to go then
17/ I asked the policeman if he knew how far it was to the station
18/ Mary said to me she couldn’t help me because she had too much to do
19/ Linh told me if I had asked her, she would have lent me her dictionary.
20/ Susan thanked Peter for visiting her.
Exercise 4: (Reported speech) Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D by circling
1/ “Please don’t leave. Please don’t” he said to her.
A. He begged her not to leave
B. He begged her not leave
C. He begged her to leave
D. He begged her don’t leave
2/ “I’ll leave unless you lower your voice” she said to me.
	A. She said to me (that) she’ll leave unless I lower my voice.
	B. She said to me that she’ll leave unless I lowered my voice.
	C. She said to me that she would have left unless I had lowered my voice.
	D. She said to me that she would leave unless I lowered my voice.
3/ “Listen to what I’m saying” he shouted at her.
	A. He told her listen to what he was saying
	B. He told her to listen to what he was saying
	C. He told her listen to what I’m saying.
	D. He told her to listen to what I’m saying.
4/ “Let’s go for a walk after class” Mary said
	A. Mary suggested go for a walk after class
	B. Mary suggested to go for a walk after class
	C. Mary suggested going for a walk after class.
	D. Mary suggested to going for a walk after class
5/ ‘If I were you, I wouldn’t watch so much TV” Hung’s aunt said to him.
	A. Hung’s aunt advised him not to watch so much TV.
	B. Hung’s aunt advised him don’t watch so much TV.
	C. Hung’s aunt advised him not watching so much TV.
	D. Hung’s aunt advised him shouldn’t watch so much TV.
6/ “Don’t put sticky things in your pockets” said his mother.
	A. His mother told him not to put sticky things in his pockets.
	B. His mother told him not put sticky things in his pockets.
	C. His mother told him not to putting sticky things in his pockets.
	D. His mother told him not putting sticky things in his pockets.
7/ “You did your homework carefully” said our teacher.
	A. Our teacher told us that we did my homework carefully.
	B. Our teacher told me that we did my homework carefully.
	C. Our teacher told us that we had done our homework carefully.
	D. Our teacher told us that we had done my homework carefully.
8/ My teacher says “If you make a mistake, I’ll find it at once”
	A. My teacher says that if I made a mistake, she would find it at once.
	B. My teacher says that if I make a mistake, she’ll find it at once.
	C. My teacher says that if I make a mistake, she would find it at once.
	D. My teacher says that if I made a mistake, she’ll find it at once.
9/ Fred said to me “Would you like to have a cup of coffee?”.
	A. Fred invited me having a cup of coffee.
	B. Fred invited me to having a cup of coffee.
	C. Fred invited me to have a cup of coffee.
	D. Fred invited me had a cup of coffee.
10/ Mary said “I’ll visit my parents next week”.
A. Mary said that she would visit her parents the following week.
B. Mary said that she would visit her parents following week. 
	C. Mary said that she will visit her parents following week. 
	D. Mary said that she would visit her parents next week.